SECTOR
winemaking sector
Common Characteristics of Wastewater in the Winemaking Sector
COD (Chemical Oxygen Demand):
Variable but can be high due to the presence of biodegradable organic matter, such as grape residues and chemicals used in the fermentation process.
BOD5 (Biochemical Oxygen Demand at 5 days):
Similar to COD, reflecting the organic load present in the wastewater.
TKN (Total Kjeldahl Nitrogen):
Low or deficient, which may require adjustments to pH and nutrients for effective treatment.
TSS (Total Suspended Solids):
Present in varying concentrations. These may include grape particles and solids from the fermentation process.
High Seasonality:
Concentrated in specific months, grape harvests and decantation.
Recommended Treatment:
Aerated Screening and Homogenisation:
Removing coarse solids and laminating and homogenising flows.
Aerobic Biological Treatment:
Wastewater passes through an aerobic biological process. In this process, aerobic microorganisms break down the organic matter present in the wastewater, reducing COD and BOD5. Activated sludge settling systems, SBR (sequencing batch reactor) or MBR (membrane bioreactor) systems can be used for this purpose.
Treatment of Slurries and Sludge:
By storage and/or dewatering by mechanical means (dewatering screws and centrifuging).
Tratamiento de lodos:
Mediante almacenamiento y/o deshidratación a través de medios mecánicos (tornillos deshidratadores y centrifugación)
Purification Performance:
| Parameter | Inlet (mg/l) | Outlet (mg/l) | Effectiveness (%) |
| COD | 8.500 | <125 | > 92 |
| BOD5 | 3.500 | <25 | > 99 |
| TKN | Deficient | ||
| TSS | 450 | <35 | >92 |
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